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1.1 This protocol has been reviewed in October 2023 - no amendments to content have been made.
2.1 This protocol is to effectively manage the welfare needs of individuals who are or have been exposed to a potentially traumatic event at work, with an awareness of the cumulative effects of a number of such incidences in a short space of time.
Compliance with this protocol and any governing policy is mandatory. This protocol is not, nor is it intended to be, contractual.
3.1 This protocol covers the provision of trauma risk management for both Essex Police and Kent Police. Please ensure that you go to the section of this protocol relevant to your force.
3.2 Kent Police trauma risk management
3.2.1 Purpose
3.2.1.1 TRiM (Trauma Risk Management) is a welfare led process intended to assess the response of a member of staff (including certain affiliated groups such as special constables) exposed to a potentially traumatic incident.
3.2.1.2 There is a foreseeable risk that individuals, who have been exposed to potentially traumatic events, could develop long-term psychological problems, including, though least likely, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). TRiM is the force's response to minimise that risk.
3.2.1.3 TRiM complies with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guideline 26 “The management of PTSD in adults and children in primary and secondary care.”
3.2.1.4 TRiM is delivered under licence from Captain Pete Roberts (retired) and Major Norman Jones, which permits foundation TRiM training to be carried out by foundation TRiM trainers within Kent Police only.
3.2.1.5 This protocol includes guidelines on how the selection, training, deployment and welfare needs of designated TRiM Practitioners (TPs) will be met. It acknowledges the pivotal role that TPs play in assessing the psychological well-being of officers and staff after their involvement in a serious incident, including a major incident.
3.2.1.6 The nature of the stress response is very personal; therefore, the protocol acknowledges that individuals retain a responsibility for their own well-being under Health and Safety Law. Should they feel particularly distressed after any incident it is ultimately their responsibility to ask for a TRiM intervention, if that has not been offered.
3.2.1.7 The protocol lead for all aspects of TRiM is the head of health and wellbeing services, who oversees this aspect of the provision of service, which is co-ordinated by the counselling and wellbeing team. Where this protocol mentions the TRiM Lead Practitioner (TLP), it also identifies the counselling and wellbeing manager.
3.2.2 Serious incident
3.2.2.1 A ‘serious incident’ is any incident with a set of circumstances that may produce a high level of emotional arousal during, immediately post-incident or sometime after the incident. This reaction may or may not be apparent to the layperson but is likely to surpass the individual’s normal coping mechanism.
3.2.2.2 For the purpose of this protocol, a ‘serious incident’ is identified by the following criteria:
3.2.2.3 Health and Wellbeing Services provides professional services for those individuals not immediately at risk. Any individual considered at risk on account of overt mental health concerns following an incident should access the Primary Healthcare Services (GP, emergency doctor, A&E department). Any individual distressed during, or immediately after, a major incident will in the first instance be seen by a TP and, if necessary, referred to health and wellbeing services.
3.2.3 Objectives of TRiM
3.2.4 Confidentiality
3.2.4.1 All detail about an individual’s personal perception of the incident is confidential and must be treated with sensitivity.
3.2.4.2 The TRiM process remains confidential until and if there is reason to believe:
3.2.4.3 The following records will be kept: details of the incident, dates of TRiM briefing, names of those attended and/or not attended, names, dates and scores of TRiM assessments offered and attended. Records are stored securely electronically in a dedicated TRiM drive and access is restricted to those with a responsibility for managing or recording TRiM intervention.
3.2.4.4 Everyone involved in the management or monitoring of individuals engaged in the TRiM process has a responsibility to maintain the confidentiality of the information that they are processing. Divisional commanders/heads of departments must ensure that this protocol is made available to everyone, and that those involved in managing or monitoring staff post-incident are aware of their responsibilities and must comply with the protocol.
3.2.5 Process and timescale for action
Timeline | Action required |
---|---|
0 hours Site management strategies |
Depending on the scale of the event, contact should be established at an early stage with the TRiM divisional lead or TRiM district SPOC. Immediately post-incident. Welfare check by managers/supervisors |
0 - 24 hours Planning phase
|
Managers should consider a TRiM intervention if the criteria for TRiM have been met. If the criteria for TRiM have been met: 2. Be prepared to make the following information available via a telephone conversation or planning meeting: i. details of the event |
72 hours + Intervention phase |
The TP:
The TRiM briefing consists of a presentation only. It should not normally include an opportunity to talk about what happened during the incident and how people feel about it (‘emotional debriefing’). Managers/supervisors should:
|
28 days and 3 months follow-up |
The TP will do follow-up assessments |
3.2.6 Selection of potential TPs
3.2.6.1 Careful consideration is required as to the suitability of potential TPs. They must be volunteers, have a clear and reasoned motive, reflecting genuine commitment for wishing to train and practice as a TP, and be emotionally resilient. They will be required to act with the highest degree of professionalism and sensitivity.
3.2.6.2 Those wishing to be considered for TRiM training and deployment should apply by submitting their application form, signed by their line-manager and SMT, to the TLC (TRiM lead co-ordinator).
3.2.6.3 A welfare assessment or psychological screening will also be essential either before or after training, to ensure emotional well-being. Records of these will be kept with counselling and wellbeing services.
3.2.7 Training and continued professional development of TPs
3.2.7.1 TRiM trainers, experienced in the delivery of TRiM interventions and certificated by the originators of TRiM, should deliver training of TPs.
3.2.7.2 The TRiM foundation course for new practitioners should consist of a minimum of two full days and be delivered by at least two trainers, one of whom is the designated welfare adviser/counsellor for TRiM/TRiM lead co-ordinator, in recognition of the inherent risk of reactivating previous trauma patterns when dealing with the subject of trauma to the extend it is taught.
3.2.7.3 TPs should receive twice-yearly 2½ hour refresher training, run and delivered by the TRiM divisional lead or, if not available, TRiM trainer.
3.2.8 TPs responsibilities
3.2.8.1 TP is trained and expected to:
3.2.8.2 A TP is expected to:
3.2.9 TRiM divisional lead and TRiM district SPOC responsibilities
3.2.9.1 Each division and the force control room has a divisional lead and a district SPOC.
3.2.9.2 The district SPOC is responsible for the coordination within their district and the divisional lead is responsible for the TRiM provision for the division as a whole. The divisional lead will oversee the district SPOC. Their joint responsibilities are to:
3.2.9.3 A divisional lead and district SPOC is expected to give six weeks’ notice of resignation from their co-ordinator’s role and attend an exit interview.
3.2.9.4 Additional responsibilities for district SPOC:
3.2.9.5 Additional responsibilities for divisional lead:
3.2.9.6 TRiM trainers’ responsibilities
3.2.9.6.1 The TRiM Trainers are to:
3.2.10 Managers/supervisors responsibilities
3.2.10.1 After a serious incident line-managers/supervisors are to:
3.2.11 Divisions’ responsibilities
3.2.11.1 Divisions are responsible for:
3.2.12 Site management at a major incident
3.2.12.1 The TLC or in their absence, the counselling and wellbeing manager is to:
3.2.12.2 The TRiM site management co-ordinator will be responsible for:
3.2.12.3 The T&CU administrator is to:
3.2.12.4 The SIM (where deployed) is to:
3.2.12.5 The silver commander:
3.2.12.6 The TPs are to:
3.2.13 Responsibilities of the TRiM lead co-ordinator
3.2.13.1 The TRiM lead co-ordinator is to:
3.2.14 TRiM/trauma awareness training
3.2.14.1 The following managers will receive TRiM/trauma awareness training, as part of the existing courses for their specific role:
3.3 Essex Police trauma risk management
3.3.1 When to initiate and plan a TRiM intervention
3.3.1.1 The aim of this protocol is to provide advice and assistance to officers who have attended incidents or undertaken investigations that they have found distressing or disturbing. The ability of an individual to cope with such incidents varies from person to person, but managers or supervisors should consider taking action where the incident or investigation could be described as upsetting.
3.3.1.2 These could include an incident or investigation:
3.3.1.3 Consideration should be given to members of staff involved in any part of an incident or investigation including those providing back-office functions such as typing support or inputting data. Where this is a concern such cases should be referred to OH&W as TRiM does not apply in these circumstances.
3.3.1.4 TRiM takes the form of three separate interventions:
3.3.1.5 A TRiM assessment cannot take place until 24 hours after an incident. Individuals can be encouraged to mull over the event and talk about any concerns with their colleagues and line manager. There is potential for harm when feelings and reactions are explored too deeply. Managers should assess each situation on its merits and should not make assumptions based upon their own experience.
3.3.2 Initial action
3.3.2.1 Having identified that an incident or investigation fits the above description, managers should speak to all staff involved informing them of the following:
3.3.2.2 It is important all actions taken are documented by the manager.
3.3.2.3 Managers/supervisors should seek to identify those individuals who may be suffering from acute stress reaction. A list of possible indicators relating to acute stress reaction can be found on the OH&W website. Where a severe reaction is present in an individual, advice should be sought from OH&W. It is important to note that because someone is displaying signs of distress they are not necessarily experiencing a trauma reaction or acute stress. Supervisors and managers dealing with a person suffering from this condition are advised to:
3.3.2.4 Under normal circumstances distressed people will calm down of their own accord without any specialist interventions being required. If after two hours individuals remain unusually distressed, then it would be advisable for them to seek advice from their GP or local emergency unit in the first instance. This should also be backed up with referral to the OH&W department for follow up after primary health care has been activated.
3.3.3 Planning a TRiM intervention within 24 hours
3.3.3.1 Where a supervisor or manager identifies that an incident fits any criteria in 3.3.1 they are required to implement a TRiM intervention by contacting an LPA TRiM co-ordinator or a practitioner via PROMIS or the TRiM database [in future to be on ORIGIN]. All staff involved in the incident should be informed that a TRiM intervention will be arranged and that it is imperative that all pocketbook entries must be completed to preserve the integrity of any evidence prior to the TRiM intervention.
3.3.3.2 A minimum of two TRiM practitioners is required for small group interventions, of no more than eight people. Larger numbers may require further practitioners to be deployed. This decision should be made in consultation with the LPA co-ordinator.
3.3.3.3 The unit manager will then hold a planning meeting with the appointed TRiM practitioner to identify personnel requiring intervention and a suitable time, place and date at which the TRiM intervention will take place. A decision must be made regarding the number requiring intervention and type of intervention required. The TRiM practitioner can advise on this. It is important to note that not all staff involved in an incident will be included in a TRiM risk assessment. It is imperative that all staff involved in an incident are considered in the planning meeting. It can be tempting to concentrate on those individuals that appear distressed or most obviously in need of assessment. It is not for the planning meeting to decide who is potentially unwell. It is for the risk assessment to give an indication of who may have the potential for this.
3.3.3.4 Large scale critical incidents involving large numbers of staff need careful consideration bearing in mind availability of TRiM practitioners and the need to have welfare staff involved at an early stage. The same applies to the PIMs process.
3.3.4 Implementing the TRiM intervention 24 hours after the incident
3.3.4.1 Following the planning phase, the briefing meeting may be delivered by the line manager and TRIM practitioner. A briefing template is available on OH&W website. This will provide an opportunity to disseminate the following information about the TRiM process:
3.3.4.2 An opportunity should be given at the end of the briefing for questions to be asked and each person attending the briefing should be supplied with a leaflet entitled ‘The trauma risk management stress handbook’.
3.3.4.3 Where Post Incident Manager (PIMS) is activated then a TRiM briefing will be conducted following agreement with the post incident manager. Welfare advisors must be activated to co-ordinate TRiM interventions where a PIM is required.
3.3.4.4 TRiM practitioners are responsible for conducting a risk assessment with any individual or group. This should be forwarded to OH&W for confidential storage. This will include their recommendation of a referral to OH&W department for advice and guidance. High risk assessment scores at the first stage assessment do not necessarily need any further intervention. A 28-day risk assessment meeting must follow the initial meeting, and this will determine whether psychological intervention is required. Invariably initial high scores reduce on their own in the first four weeks following a trauma.
3.3.5 Support and monitoring a TRiM intervention after 28 days
3.3.5.1 Inline with accepted management practices, managers and supervisors must monitor their staff and note any noticeable change of behaviour and provide support where necessary. Where there has been an appointed TRiM practitioner they should be kept regularly informed of any noted changes. If appropriate, referrals can be made to OH&W by supervisors on Form A444b. Where there are concerns for staff it is important where possible to enable them to stay at work. Positive management interventions can be put into place to make sure that the individual is supported in the workplace but also protected from further exposure in the four weeks following the trauma.
3.3.5.2 The TRiM practitioner should arrange follow up contact with staff involved in the risk assessment procedure and conduct a 28-day risk assessment. At all stages TRiM practitioners are required to maintain accurate TRiM documentation. All completed documentation must be forwarded to the force TRiM Co-ordinator located in occupational health for storage.
3.3.5.3 It is important to note that TRiM practitioners are volunteers and all efforts need to be made to ensure that they are provided with the time and environment to meet the requirements of the role. The LPA TRiM co-ordinator takes responsibility for their welfare and should closely monitor their exposure to the role to ensure that they are not over exposed and made vulnerable to issues themselves.
3.3.5.4 All individuals that prove to still need intervention at the 28-day point should be referred for assessment and possible treatment to the OH&W department where they will be assessed by a welfare adviser and occupational health adviser where necessary.
4.1 EIA – September 2021.
5.1 There is no specific risk assessment or health and safety consideration thought relevant to the content of this protocol.
5.2 Officers and members of police staff engaged within the process must remain aware that they must follow the protocol correctly otherwise the risk to the organisation of a possible employment tribunal could be raised. A failure to fully adopt the principles set out in this protocol could have a detrimental effect upon the reputation of the organisation.
6.1 This is a format change only (amalgamating existing separate documents into one – no content change), therefore no consultation is necessary.
7.1 The monitoring of this HR protocol will be by the Head of Health and Wellbeing Services.
7.2 The protocol will be reviewed every two years.
Related force policies or related procedures (Essex)/linked standard operating procedures (Kent)
8.1 This HR protocol supports the overarching HR policy L1.
8.2 Data security
Essex Police have measures in place to protect the security of your data in accordance with our Information Management policy – W1000 Policy – Information Management.
8.3 Retention and disposal of records
Essex Police will hold data in accordance with our Records Review, Retention and Disposal policy – W1012 Procedure/SOP - Records Review, Retention and Disposal.
We will only hold data for as long as necessary for the purposes for which we collected.
Policy reference: Trauma risk management (TRIM) protocol (L11260)
Contact point: Head of Health and Wellbeing Services
Date last reviewed: September 2021
If you require any further information or to request any documentation referenced within the policy please email [email protected]. For general enquiries, contact us.